Lär dig odia
Overwhelmingly, the Odia script was used to write the Odia language. This was because the phonemes ba and va had merged in the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages. With regards to the epigraphical sources, the antiquities which display the various historical forms of writing in Odia script include rock-edicts, temple inscriptions, stone-slabs, pillar inscriptions, sculptures, copper-plates, coins and palm-leaf manuscripts, illustrated manuscripts, ivory plates and allied materials.
With the "southern" type, the second component is reduced in size and put under the first as in the southern scripts used for Kannaḍa and Telugu. The absence of the inherent vowel in the consonant is marked by a virama or halanta sign below the consonant. The "northern" type is formed by fusion of two or more consonants as in northern scripts like Devanāgarī ; in some instances, the components of a northern-type ligature be easily identified, but sometimes completely new glyphs are formed.
In the first standardised Odia alphabet book, Barnabodha was compiled by Madhusudan Rao in , the phonemes ba , va and wa were represented by the same letter ବ, with the sounds va and wa. However, it has been used as a regional writing-system for Sanskrit. In Eastern India, a derivative of Siddhaṃ script yielded a group of scripts that eventually became Bengali-Assamese scripts , Tirhuta script and the Odia script, with the latter turning the hook into a characteristic umbrella.
The phoneme wa could be written through the consonant ligature symbol ୍ୱ, which it shared with ba. When vowels appear at the beginning of a syllable , they are written as independent letters. Diacritics which can appear above, below, before or after the consonant they belong to are used to change the form of the inherent vowel. Numerous instances of the items depicting all the respective stages of the development of the Odia script during the illustrious dynasties of Eastern Ganga , Somavanshi , Bhanja, Bhauma-kara , Sailodbhava dynasties.
The subjoined form of ଛ cha is also used for subjoined ଥ tha :. As with all the Brahmic scripts in the region, the Odia script developed through four stages which can be seen from the stone inscriptions, copper-plates and the manuscripts. Diacritics which can appear above, below, before, or after the consonant they belong to are used to change the form of the inherent vowel. Odia is a syllabic alphabet or an abugida wherein all consonants have an inherent vowel embedded within.
This absence of schwa deletion, which is also seen in Sanskrit, marks it from the rest of modern Indo-Aryan languages and their equivalent usage in related Brahmic scripts. There are some ambiguities. Also, when certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols combine the essential parts of each consonant symbol. Odia is an alphasyllabic alphabet or an abugida wherein all consonants have an inherent vowel embedded within.
The archaic and medieval forms of Odia are more influenced bygd the calligraphy of the scripts of neighbouring regions, such as,. The curved appearance of the Odia script is a result of the practice of writing on palm leaves, which have a tendency to tear with the use of too many straight lines.
Easily Learn The Odia Alphabet and Useful Odia Phrases
Gopala Chandra Praharaj , who compiled and published the first comprehensive Odia dictionary, Purnachandra Odia Bhashakosha —40 , introduced a new letter ୱ to the script to represent the sound wa. The sign for the nasal ଂ ṃ looks similar to the right side of the glyph used for ଫ pha and ଙ ṅa :. An important feature of the Odia language seen in the script is the retention of inherent vowel in consonants, also known as schwa , at both medial and final positions.
Since the palm-leaves are perishable in nature, no manuscripts are currently available preth CE. Hence, recent works are also important as they show the rare and ancient text as well as artistic illustrations. The periods of development are in the following order,. Furthermore, Grierson [ 10 ] in his famed Linguistic Survey of India mentioned that the Odia script fryst vatten sometimes used for Chhattisgarhi , an Eastern Hindi language , in the eastern border regions of Chhattisgarh.
The script has developed over more than years from a variant of Siddhaṃ script which was used in Eastern India, where the characteristic top line transformed into a distinct round umbrella shape due to the influence of palm leaf manuscripts and also being influenced by the neighbouring scripts from the Western and Southern regions. The date of completion of the manuscript is estimated to be that of CE. Among other manuscripts present at the museum, includes historical works like manuscripts of Jayadeva 's Gita-Govinda 16th CE to the relatively recent works of 18th,19th and 20th century.
The Odia script Odia : ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅକ୍ଷର , romanized: Oḍiā akṣara , also Odia : ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲିପି , romanized: Oḍiā lipi is a Brahmic script used to write primarily Odia language and others including Sanskrit and other regional languages. Odia has two types of consonant ligatures, the "northern" and "southern" types. Two categories of consonant letters are defined in Odia: the structured consonants Odia : ବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ , romanized: bargya byan̄jana and the unstructured consonants ଅବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ , abargya byan̄jana.
With regards to the manuscript sources, the full-fledged script of Odia acquires its classical umbrella hook shape through the development, modification as well as simplification between the 14th and 15th CE, when the palm-leaf manuscript culture becomes dominant in this region. The structured consonants are classified according to their place of articulation , that is, where the tongue touches the palate. However it appears to have been replaced with the Devanagari script.
Oriya Keyboard - ଉତ୍କଳ ଲିପି
Also, when certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols are used to combine the essential parts of each consonant symbol. When vowels appear at the beginning of a syllable, they are written as independent letters. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. Clusters of two or more consonants form a ligature.