Vad ar ms
Side effects [ edit ]. Nausea and vomiting are commonly experienced both during and following administration. There are serious side effects and complications arising from the administration of the various agents, which require careful management in an appropriate health-care setting.
Vad är MS?
In other projects. Patients are also at risk of hospital-acquired infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus VRE. It is not uncommon for patients to require hospitalisation to treat infections.
A variety of antiemetic drugs may be used, including granisetron , ondansetron , metoclopramide , and cyclizine. References [ edit ]. Read Edit View history. Hyper-CVAD chemotherapy is generally reserved for use in the treatment of serious and aggressive forms of hematological malignancy. Temporary hair loss is a common side effect. The majority of patients will experience a degree of pancytopenia , including anaemia , thrombocytopenia , and leukopenia , due to the myelosuppressive effect of chemotherapy.
Article Talk. Administration [ edit ]. Patients who receive hyper-CVAD receive a careful work-up to assess their overall wellness prior to the commencement of the regimen, in order to minimise undesirable outcomes. Anti-infective drugs are commonly given as a prophylaxis during and between cycles, to prevent against community-acquired infections. Anaemia and thrombocytopenia can cause clinical problems, and transfusion of red blood cells and platelets may be necessary supportive therapies.
Multipel skleros (MS)
Hyper-CVAD is a chemotherapy regimen used to treat some forms of leukemia , high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma , and lymphoblastic leukemia. The protocol was originally developed to treat leukemia in young, fit patients, due to its intensity, but has since begun to be used more widely. Archived from the original on Course B [ edit ]. The aim is to administer as many cycles as possible or necessary in as short a time as possible.
Course B consists of methotrexate and cytarabine. The regimen is usually administered on an in-patient grund, using a continuous venous access device such as a peripherally inserted central catheter PICC , a Hickman line , or a port-a-cath. The term 'hyper' refers to the hyperfractionated nature of the chemotherapy, which fryst vatten given in smaller doses, more frequently, to minimize side effects. Wikidata item.
Course A [ edit ]. Timing of cycles will be somewhat dependent on the patient's recovery from the last cycle. Download as PDF Printable version. Leukopenia, particularly neutropenia may lead to profound compromise of the immune struktur until the number of neutrophils recovers. Each cycle is approximately three weeks apart. Vincristine sometimes causes chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy , a progressive and persistent condition involving tingling numbness, intense pain, and hypersensitivity to cold, beginning in the hands and feet and sometimes involving the arms and legs.
Contents move to sidebar hide. Dosage is individualized, based on factors such as body weight, body surface area, and the overall health of the patient. The side effects of the administration of the chemotherapeutic agents used in hyper-CVAD are complex, and are often dependent on the overall health of the patient. Indications [ edit ]. Patients considered for the protocol will generally be under Each course is given up to 4 times, with up to 8 cycles in total.
Tools Tools. NCI Cancer Bulletin. The following is only a general guide; the exact combination of drugs, doses, and protocols used for administration is generally determined on a facility-by-facility basis. Patients must therefore be vigilant to ensure that they report any fevers to their clinician. Summary [ edit ].